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Mountain ranges of Tajikistan
28 ranges
Range of the Academy of Sciences
The Range of the Academy of Sciences is a mountain range in the Western Pamir in Tajikistan. The range extends in the meridional direction at a distance of about 110 km.
The highest point of the range of the Academy of Sciences is Ismoil Somoni peak (7495 m) - the highest point of Tajikistan. 24 peaks of the range have a height above 6000 m.
The ridge is composed of Paleozoic sedimentary and metamorphic rocks, partly granites. The eternal snows covering the range of the Academy of Sciences provide nutrition to a large number of large glaciers: Fedchenko Glacier, Garmo. The total area of glaciation is 1500 km².
The range was discovered by Nikolai Korzhenevsky in 1927 and named after the USSR Academy of Sciences.
Alai range
The Alai range is a mountain range of the Pamir-Alai mountain system in Kyrgyzstan and partially in Tajikistan. The height is up to 5539 meters. It divides the Ferghana and Alai valleys. The length of the granite-gabbered Alai range, between the Zeravshan mountain junction in the West and 74°48' in the East, is about 400 kilometers; the range is almost covered with eternal snow and abounds with glaciers, especially in the West. The total area of glaciation is 568 km² the passes are very high and difficult.
It is characterized by high-altitude terrain with Alpine forms in the range part. It is composed of sand-clay rocks and crystalline shales. The Northern slopes are flat and enclose a series of longitudinal valleys. The southern ones drop off steeply to the Alai valley. In the foothills, semi-desert vegetation. On the slopes there are dry kovylno-tipchak steppes, meadow-steppe vegetation and juniper forests (at an altitude of 2000-3200 m), which are replaced by Alpine meadows.
Babatag is a mountain range in southern Central Asia, on the border of Uzbekistan and Tajikistan, between the Surkhandarya and Kafirnigan rivers (right tributaries of the Amu Darya). Height up to 2292 m. The length is about 125 km.
It is composed mainly of limestone. On the slopes, semi-desert and mountainous xerophytic vegetation; in places, the massifs of pistachio. The habitat of the screw-horned goat (in the CIS it is found only on the slopes of the Kugitangtau and Darvaz ranges).
Vanch Range
Vanch Range (Tajik. Қatorkӯҳi Vanҷ) - a mountain range in the Western Pamirs, located in the Vanch district of the
Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region of the Republic of Tajikistan.
The ridge extends from the southern end of the ridge of the Academy of Sciences to the Pyanj River, between the Vanch and Yazgul rivers. The length is about 85 km. Heights - more than 5000 m.
The ridge is composed of granites, sandstones and conglomerates. The slopes are steep, indented by gorges. Juniper, dogrose, and hawthorn grow on the slopes. Above 4000 m, the ridge is covered with glaciers (with a total area of about 164 km²).
Vakhanskiy range - a mountain range in the south of the Pamirs, in Tajikistan and Afghanistan. It serves as a watershed of the Pamir and Istyk rivers in the north, Wahandarya and Oksu in the south. The length of the ridge is 160 km. The average height is about 5000 m, the maximum - 6281 m. The ridge is composed of igneous and metamorphic rocks. The slopes are divided by trough valleys; eternal snow and glaciers (the total area of snow, ice and firn fields is about 94.1 km²). Originally called the ridge of Emperor Nicholas II.
Vakhsh Range - a mountain range in Tajikistan, stretched along the left bank of the middle reaches of the Vakhsh River. It serves as a watershed of the Vakhsh and Kyzylsu rivers. The length of the ridge is about 80 km. The maximum height is 3141 m. The ridge is composed of sandstones, limestones, conglomerates, clays. On the slopes are ephemeral semi-deserts and subtropical steppes.
The Hissar range is a mountain range in Central Asia, in the Western part of the Pamir-Alai mountain system (in Uzbekistan and Tajikistan), located between the river basins of the Zeravshan and Amu Darya rivers. The length is about 200 km. It passes South of the Zeravshan range and North of Dushanbe through the Gissar district in Tajikistan and the Northern part of the Surkhandarya region in Uzbekistan. The highest point of the ridge is the White Pyramid peak (4855m), and in Uzbekistan the peak named after the XXII Congress of the CPSU (4643 m), which is located on the border between Uzbekistan and Tajikistan (in the North-West of Dushanbe), near the village of Saritag. This peak is also the highest point in Uzbekistan. The range is composed mainly of crystalline rocks, shales and sandstones, broken by intrusions of granites. On the lower parts of the slopes - subtropical high-grass steppes, higher-turf-grass steppes and wood-shrub vegetation, even higher-subalpine meadows, upland xerophytes, Alpine meadows.
In the Tajik part of the Hissar range, it is very well developed for tourism, alpinism, and mountain hunting, in particular, it is well known: the sherkent gorge, lake Timurdara district, lake Pariyon, the Honako gorge, Siema, upper Siema and the Kadamtash river gorge. Also in this area is Khodalakan peak (dream) 4764m, White Pyramid peak (4855m), Crown Siemi peak, Helmet peak, Bear castle peak and others.
The Darvaz range is a mountain range in Western Pamir, located between the Obihingou, Panj and Vanch rivers. Geographically, it belongs to the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous region of Tajikistan. Russian Russian name of the ridge was proposed in 1878 by the Russian Explorer of Central Asia Vasily Oshanin. It comes from the name of the historical and geographical area of Darvaz. This toponym is based on the Persian Darvaza - "mountain pass".
The Darvaz range stretches for 200 km from the North-East of harmo peak in a South-westerly direction, first along the Vanch river, then along the Panj, following their bends. The section adjacent to the ridge of the Academy of Sciences has an average height of 5480 m, the rest-4950 m. The highest point of the range is mount Arnavad, 6083 m high.
The Northern slope of the ridge is strongly dissected by the left tributaries of the Obihingou, the southern-steep, with short massive spurs. The slopes are dominated by steppe and tree-shrub vegetation (on the Northern slopes grow maple and walnut, on the southern - juniper and almonds). Above are subalpine and Alpine meadows, starting from a height of 4200-4500 m-snow and glaciers. In total, there are about 550 glaciers on the Darvaz range with a total area of about 520 km2. The largest of them is the dendrite glacier of the Geographical society, located at the junction of the ridges of the Academy of Sciences and darvazsky, in the upper reaches of the Vanch river.
The range is composed mainly of granites and metamorphic shales.
Zaalaysky range or Canalise range (Kyrgyz. Chon Alai kyrka toosu) - a range of latitudinal direction that divides the Pamir and the Alai valley. The highest point of the zaalaysky range is Lenin peak. The range has significant glaciation. From the top of the range you can see views of the Central Pamir, in particular the peaks of Communism and Korzhenevskaya.
By the Kyzyl-Art and TERS-Agar passes, the range is logically divided into 3 parts: Eastern, Central and Western. Due to the interest in climbing Lenin peak, the Central one is quite popular among mountain tourists and climbers, while the Eastern and Western ones are almost not visited. A road connecting the cities of Osh and Khorog-Pamir highway is laid through
the Kyzyl - Art pass.
Zeravshan range (Torque Zarafshon) is a mountain range of Hissar-Alai, South of the Zeravshan river (Uzbekistan and Tajikistan).
The southern slope of the Zeravshan range in Kashkadarya region, near the Takhtakaracha pass he range extends in the latitudinal direction for 370 km. The average height is 4110 m, the highest point is mount Chimtarga (5489 m). On the Northern slope there are numerous transverse valleys of the left tributaries of the Zeravshan, the southern slope is poorly dissected. In the East (up to the Fandarya river) - high - altitude terrain, in the West-the middle mountains with karst landforms. On the slopes - sparse woodlands (mainly from juniper), mountain steppes and Alpine meadows. There are about 560 glaciers with a total area of 270 km2. In the Central part of the Zeravshan range on the territory of Tajikistan is the fan mountains, which are the pearl of Central Asia, the fan mountains are very well known among tourists, mountaineers and mountain lovers.
The most popular places in the fan mountains are Iskanderkul, Aloudin lakes, Muddy lake, Bolshoe ALLO lake, Kulikalon lakes and up to Seven lakes. There are two international mountaineering camps Artuch and Vertical.
Zulumart range
Zulumart is a mountain range in the east of the Pamirs in Tajikistan, adjacent to the Zaalai Range in the north.
The range extends in the meridional direction for 150 km. Most of its peaks exceed 5,000 m, five peaks in the northern part - above 6,000 m. Two spurs extend in the northeast: the Kommunarov ridge (height up to 5801 m) and Karachim (up to 5765 m). To the north of Frunze peak, the Beleuli ridge (up to 5819 m) departs. Further south, Zulumart is adjacent to the Northern Tanymas Range. The total area of glaciation is 460 km². In the lower part of the slopes, landscapes of the cold high mountain desert prevail, the upper part is in the belt of nival landscapes. The height of the snow line on the slope of the eastern exposure is 4950-5200 m, on the slopes of the western exposure and the western spurs - 4800 -5400 m.
The Ishkashim Range is a mountain range in the southwestern part of the Pamirs, the western part of the Shahdara Range. Administratively located in the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region of Tajikistan.
The range stretches for 95 km in the meridional direction along the right bank of the Pyanj River from the mouth of the Gunt River in the north to the Panj sharp turn in the area of Ishkashim in the south. The average height of the northern section of the ridge is 4630 m, the southern - 5560 m. The highest point is Mayakovsky peak (6096 m). The range is composed mainly of gneisses, amphibolites and other metamorphic rocks of Precambrian age. On the slopes of the mountain steppes and deserts, in deep river valleys, rare juniper bushes. Thermal mineral springs are known, on one of which is the balneological resort of Garmchashma. In the range area there are about 315 glaciers with a total area of 165 km².
The Karatega Range - a mountain range in the Pamirs in Tajikistan, the southern spur of the Gissar Range. Located along the left bank of the Kafirnigan River. The length of the ridge is about 80 km, the maximum height is 3950 m. The range is composed mainly of granites. On the slopes there are grassy steppes, shrubs and meadows.
Kuramin range (Uzbek: Qurama tizmasi, Kurama tizmashi) - a mountain range in the western Tien Shan, which is the southwestern spur of the Chatkal range.
The Kuramin range borders the Ferghana Valley from the north-west and is located on the border of Uzbekistan and Tajikistan. The northwestern slopes of the Kuramin ridge are located in the Tashkent region of the Tashkent region of Uzbekistan. It has a length of about 170 km and a height of individual peaks of up to 3769 mThe mid-mountainous relief prevails. At an altitude of 2300 meters there are coniferous-deciduous forests, juniper woodlands, walnuts on the northern slopes, alpine meadows and fescue steppes, and lower on the slopes are steppes and xerophilous shrubs. The range is a watershed of the Angren and Syr Darya rivers. In the southwestern part of the Kuraminsky range there are deposits of copper and fluoriteeters (Mount Boboiob).
Muzkol (taj. Muzkul) - a mountain range in the Pamir, in Tajikistan.
The range stretches in the latitudinal direction from the confluence of the Kudara and Murgab rivers in the west to the meridional section of the South Akbaital river valley in the east. The total length of the range is 130 km. The average height of the western section is 5370 m, the eastern - 5720 m, the highest point is the peak of the Soviet Officers (6233 m). It is separated from the Pshart Range in the south by The range is composed mainly of metamorphic schists, limestones and sandstones. The landscape is dominated by rocky highlands with rocks and screes on steep slopes. At the foot is a cold alpine desert with extremely sparse sparse cryophilic vegetation. In the ridge area, there are 440 glaciers on an area of about 330 km².the valleys of the West Pshart and East Pshart rivers.
The range of Peter the Great (the ridge of Peter the Great) is a mountain range in the Western Pamirs in Tajikistan, between the Surkhob and Obihingou rivers. It moves west from the ridge of the Academy of Sciences in the area of Ismoil Somoni peak, where the famous Pamir fir plateau is located. The length of the range is about 200 km, the average height is 4300 m in the west and 6000 m in the east. The highest point is Moscow peak (6785 m). The ridge is characterized by sawtooth radges, deep gorges and high seismicity. Maple forests grow on the slopes, giving way to juniper woodlands and bushes; above - Himalayan and alpine meadows. There are 487 glaciers on the ridge with a total area of about 480 km². The range is composed mainly of sandstones and conglomerates.
Pshart Range
Psharty range - a mountain range in the east of the Pamirs, in Tajikistan. It is located on the right bank of the Murghab River, in the territory of the Murghab region of the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region. From the ridge Muzkol is separated by the valleys of the rivers West Pshart and East Pshart.
The length of the range is about 60 km. The maximum height reaches 5440 m. The predominant type of landscape is rocky highlands. On the northern slope of the range - glaciation.
Rangon - a mountain range (also called Rangon-Tau) in the south of Tajikistan, one of the southern spurs of the Pamir-Alai. The range is a watershed between the valleys of the Kafirnigan and Ilyak rivers on the north side and the Sultanabad valley on the south. The northern slopes of the Rangon Range border the southern part of the Gissar Valley. The height of the mountain chain peaks reaches in some places more than 1400 and 1700 m above sea level: the available peaks of the Rangon range (from SW to NE): 1768 m, 1659 m, 1703 m, 1452 m. Between the extreme points - southwest and north- the distance to the eastern end of the range is 19.5 km. At the foot of the northern slope of the ridge is located the village of Somoniyon - the administrative center of the Rudaki region. Since ancient times, the slopes of the Rangon mountains have been inhabited - in the mountains there are sparsely populated villages (Uzbek: - village; Taj .: - dega), in which representatives of indigenous peoples: Tajiks and Lokays live.
In the history of horse breeding in the region, a representative of the indigenous "Lokai horse breed" left a memorable trace - a stallion-producer named "Rangon-Tau" (born 1924; in the original source - "Rengen-Tau"), which was located in the manufacturing area in the 1930s part of the Stalinabad State Stud Farm No. 41 and was one of the best horses in Tajikistan. The mountain slopes of the range are composed of Mesozoic, Cenozoic sedimentary deposits in the form of clay rocks, loesses and loess-like formations, underlain by pebbles and other soils of stones, gravel, pebbles, sand and clay, the consolidated foundation starts from depths of about 10 kilometers; the range is composed of conglomerates. Flora on the slopes of the range is represented mainly by xerophytic, steppe vegetation; there are rare thickets of semi-xerophytic shrubs. Various species of fauna are represented in the set: from birds - the desert and crested lark, sparrow, swallow, tits, starling-lane, hoopoe, bustard-beauty, steppe kestrel, desert partridge, etc .; of the reptiles - cobra, gyurza, efa, steppe constrictor, etc. The typical representatives of the local fauna are porcupine, spotted cat, finely fingered gopher, tolai hare, fox.
Rushansky range
The Rushan Range is a mountain range in the west of the Pamirs, in Tajikistan, between the rivers Gunt and Bartang. In the east, articulates with the North Alichur Range. The length of the range is about 120 km. The highest point is Pathor peak (6080m). It is composed of granitoids, metamorphic and clay shales, quartzites, sandstones, limestones, gneisses. The crest has sharp alpine forms. Significant glaciation.
On the slopes, the landscape of rocky highlands prevails, passing lower into the subtropical steppes, wormwood semi-deserts and deserts of mountain valleys, along the river valleys - willow, sea buckthorn, poplar, hawthorn, and birch.
Sarykol Range (taj. Rashte Kuh Sarikol) - a mountain range in the Eastern Pamirs, stretching along the border of Tajikistan and China. It stretches from the valley of the Markansu river to the spurs of the Hindu Kush, skirting from the north the basin with the lakes Shorkul and Rangkul.It serves as a watershed for the basins of the Tarim River, Karakul Lake and Amu Darya.
The height of the range ranges from 4500 to 5800 m, the highest point is Mount Lavirdir (6351 m). The length is about 350 km. It is composed mainly of crystalline schists and granitoids. In the lower part of the slopes, sparse vegetation of the cold high mountain desert. Above 5000 m - valley and slope glaciers. In the Tajik part of the name of the ridge is given according to the current Sarykol River at its foot - in the translation “yellow river” (Kyrgyz. Sary “yellow”, count “river”)erange, there are 240 glaciers with a total area of 144 km².
Northern Tanymas is a mountain range in the east of the Pamirs in Tajikistan, adjacent to the Zulumart range in the east.
The range stretches in the latitudinal direction for 80 km. About 140 peaks exceed a height of 5000 m, two - 6000 m; the highest point of the ridge is Mount Krutoy Rog (6025 m). Two large spurs extend to the north of the range: Kyzkurgan and Balandkiik. To the south is a parallel, poorly divided Aral range (about 25 km long), separated from the North Tanymas by the Nalivkina glacier.
The lower part of the slopes and valleys are occupied by alpine deserts, steppes and alpine meadows, above - nival landscapes. The height of the snow border on the slopes of the northern exposure is 4800-5200 m, on the slopes of the southern exposure - 4900 -5300 m. The total area of glaciation is 430 km².
The North Alichu range (formerly known as the Bazardara Range) is a mountain range in the Pamirs, in Tajikistan. It is located between the Murghab River and Sarez Lake in the north and the Alichur River and Yashilkul Lake in the south. It serves as an eastern continuation of the Rushan Range.
The range is composed of granitoids, metamorphic and clay shales, sandstones and limestones. A large number of glaciers - about 470, the total area of which reaches 295 km². The landscapes of rocky highlands with rocks and screes dominate, in the lower parts of the slopes sparse vegetation of the cold highland desert prevails.
Turkestan Range
Turkestan range is an alpine range of latitudinal direction, about 340 km long, belonging to the Gissar-Alai mountain system. Through the Matcha knot, the range merges with the Alai ridge in the east, and extends to the Samarkand plain in the west. The northern slope is long and gentle, with juniper forests and light forests, the southern slope is short and steep, with rocks and talus. From the south, the Zeravshan river valley is separated from the Zeravshan ridge. The highest points are Skalisty peak (5621 m) and Pyramidal peak (5509 m). The ridge ridge, especially in the eastern part, is covered with mountain glaciers. The largest - Tolstoy, Shurovsky and Zeravshansky glaciers - the source of the Zeravshan river. The slopes are divided by the valleys of the rivers Isfara, Ak-Suu, Kara-Suu. On the northern slope is the mountain lake Ai-Kol. The border of Tajikistan with Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan runs along the range.
Hazratishokh (Khozretishi, Khazretishi, Khazretisha, Taj. Ратиazrati Shoҳ) - a mountain range in southern Tajikistan, adjacent to the western part of the Darvaz Range. The length of the range is about 55 km. From the west it is limited by the Obiminou and Obiravnou valleys. The maximum height is 4088 m. The range is composed of conglomerates.
Steppe vegetation and thickets of semi-xerophilous shrubs grow on the slopes.
The Shahdarin Range is a mountain range in the south of the Western Pamirs. Administratively located in the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region of Tajikistan. It serves as a watershed of the Shahdar and Pyanj rivers.
The Shakhdarinsky range consists of the meridional Ishkashim range (western part) and the sub-latitudinal Shakhdarinsky ridge (middle and eastern parts). Continues in the east by the Vakhan range. The length of the Ishkashim range is 95 km, the maximum height is 6096 m (Mayakovsky peak). The length of the Shakhdara Range is 105 km, the highest point is Karl Marx Peak (6726 m). Other high peaks of the range: Engels peak (6510 m) and Mayakovsky peak (6096 m).
Along the foot of the Northern slope of the range stretches a wide plateform surface, the southern slope is deeply cut by narrow gorges. On the slopes of high-altitude steppes and meadows. There are more than 300 glaciers in the highlands with a total area of 269 km².
Shugnan Range - a mountain range in the Western Pamirs. Administratively located in the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region of Tajikistan. It serves as a watershed for the Gunt River and its left tributary, Shahdara.
The length of the range is about 80 km. The highest peak is Rocky Peak. There are many glaciers, the total area of glaciation is about 150 km². On the slopes - alpine steppes and meadows.
South Alichur Range
South Alichur Range - a mountain range in the south of the Pamirs, between the rivers Alichur and Pamir. Administratively located in the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region of Tajikistan.
The length of the riange is about 150 km, the average height is 5100 m. The highest point is Mount Kyzildangi (5706 m). The range is composed mainly of granites, gneisses and crystalline schists. Alpine relief and desert vegetation predominate. There are 256 glaciers in the range area, with a total area of 72 km².
Yazgulemsky range - a mountain range in the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region of the Republic of Tajikistan. Located between the rivers Yazgul and Bartang.
The length of the range is about 170 km. The average height is 4500-6000 m. The highest point is Independence Peak (6974 m). It is composed of shales, sandstones, limestones, granites. Glaciers are located on the range, the total area of which is about 630 km². On the slopes, sparse semi-desert and alpine vegetation predominates.